WOVEN CIRCUITS

We explore WovenCircuits, a fabrication process to design seamlessly-integrated circuit layouts using digital weaving. Adopting a Research through Design (RtD) approach, we contribute a 3-step process and a series of interactive research products that extend the functional and aesthetic dimensions of woven e-textile designs: a) PowerPocket Jeans for wireless charging; b) Thermo-Placemat for warming food; c) GoGreen Backpack for embodied expression; d) VibroChair Cover for posture correction; e) SensingRug for activity recognition; and f) ThirstyCat Tapestry for tactile animation.

I designed this fabric chair cover, that can be retrofitted for existing office or dining furniture, while seamlessly integrating a complete circuit. This application helps users correct their posture by subtly alerting them when they are not sitting up straight. I made it using a digital technique of weaving wire tunnels to conceal (in curvy waves) two pressure sensing spots and a small piezo motor that vibrates when sitting is detected with no leaning back. I used cotton 2/20 yarn for the warp, cotton 8/20 yarn for the top and bottom layer weft, and Madeira HC-12 conductive thread for all connections to the microcontroller and battery that I’ve double-woven into single-sided pockets at the edge of the fabric.

I created the Thermo-Placement using the T1 technique of double-layer Ghost Inlays. This placemat, with dimensions 24×36 𝑐𝑚 (cotton 2/20 for the warp and bottom layer weft), has the ability to keep food warm (see Figure 16). We wove Madeira HC-12 conductive thread into the bottom layer of the centre inlay pattern while using regular yarn for the top layer weft (cotton 8/20). We used a 4x4 twill weaving structure for the Ghost Inlay sections, alternating between two colours for visual appeal. For the background, we used the waffle-ish pattern to give the placemat a sturdy, durable drape with varying textures. In addition to the conductive inlay, the user can choose to use the pocket created from the 2-layer structure to house an insulated heating pad to warm up their food.

I wanted to make everyday fabric objects around homes that capture natural interactions of daily use. To explore this, I created a 70×75 cm rug that can detect when someone steps on different parts of it for activity recognition or fall detection. This application resembles a Boho handwoven bathroom floor mat featuring natural colours. I used double weaving of conductive yarn to seamlessly integrate insulated electrodes (with a digital ghost inlay technique) in three touch sensing spots, detecting when users step on it (barefoot or with socks on). I used 8/20 cotton for the bottom weft layer in addition to a 2/20 mercerized cotton warp.

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Publication

Acknowledgment

This project was funded by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through a Discovery Grant (2021-04135) and a Research Tools and Instruments (RTI) Grant (2021-00079), as well as through the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) NFRF-E-2024-01082. We acknowledge the support of Ontario Research Fund and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CIF) for this research.